LESSON 3 DESCRIPTIVES COMPUTE HISTOGRAM3.1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSWe can use Descriptives to find mean standard deviation maximum minimum Pearson Measure of Skewness. Statistics Summarize Descriptives click on Options select mean standard deviation maximum minimum skewness Continue OK3.2HOW TO CREATE A NEW VARIABLE COLUMN USING COMPUTETransform Compute enter the New variable name enter the formula OK3.3HOW TO PRESENT DATA USING HISTOGRAMGraphs Histogram enter the variable name OKExampleFunctions Descriptives Compute Histogram Use the employee.sav data set to answer the following questions. 1. Find the maximum minimum mean standard deviation and skewness of the beginning salaries. Is the distribution normal Use Descriptives. Find the mean and standard deviation of beginning salaries for females and males separately. Use Select Cases and Descriptives. Find the mean and standard deviation of the difference between the current salaries and beginning salaries. Use Compute and Descriptives. Display the current salaries in a histogram. Describe the nature of the distribution. Use Histogram comment on the skewness of the distribution. Display the current salaries in a histogram for males and females separately. Use Histogram.2.3.4.5.3.1Follow These Steps 1. Find the maximum minimum mean standard deviation and skewness of the beginning salaries. Is the distribution normal 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. From the menu select Statistics Summarize Descriptives. Select Beginning Salary salbegin and move it into the Variables box. Click Options Select Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation and Skewness. Click Continue. Click OK.StepYou should see the following outputDescriptive Statistics N Statistic 474 474 Minimum Statistic 9000 Maximum Statistic 79980 Mean Statistic 17016.09 Std. Deviation Statistic 7870.638 Skewness Statistic Std. Error 2.853 .112salbegin Valid N listwiseFrom the table above we can see that the minimum beginning salary is 9000 the maximum beginning salary is 79980. The mean beginning salary is 17016.09 with a standard deviation of 7870.638. Pearsons coefficient of skewness is 2.853 which indicates that the distribution of beginning salary is positively skewed or skewed to the right. 2. Find the mean and standard deviation of beginning salaries for females and males separately. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. From the menu select Data Select Cases. Click If condition is satisfied and then click If. Select Gender gender and move it into the expression box. Click and type m. Note This selects the male employees. You should have gender m. Click Continue. Click OK. From the menu select Statistics Summarize Descriptives. Select Beginning Salary salbegin and move it into the Variables box. Click Options Select Mean and Std. Deviation. Click Continue. Click OK.StepYou should see the following output3.2Descriptive Statistics Male N salbegin Valid N listwise 258 258 Mean 20301.40 Std. Deviation 9111.781From the table above the mean of the beginning salary for male employees is 20301.40 with a standard deviation of 9111.781. 9. Repeat Steps 1 to 8 using gender f. You should see the following outputDescriptive Statistics Female N salbegin Valid N listwise 216 216 Mean 13091.97 Std. Deviation 2935.599For female employees the mean of their beginning salary is 13091.97 with a standard deviation of 2935.599. 3. Find the mean and standard deviation of the difference between the current salaries and beginning salaries.Since we have used Select Cases in Example 2 we will first reset the Select Cases. Step 1. From the menu select Data Select Cases. Click Reset and then click OK.Now we will create a variable to store the difference between the current salaries and beginning salaries. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. From the menu select Transform Compute. In the Target Variable box enter saldiff Note Any meaningful name will do. Now in the box containing a list of variables select Current Salary salary and click to move it into the Numeric Expression box. Click . Select Beginning Salary salbegin and move it into the Numeric Expression box. You should have salary salbegin. Click OK.The variable saldiff is now created. It is defined by the formula Difference in salary Current Salary Beginning Salary We can now proceed to use Descriptives to find the mean and standard deviation.3.38. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.From the menu click Statistics Summarize Descriptives. Select saldiff and move it into the Variables box. Click Options Select Mean and Std. Deviation. Click Continue. Click OK. You should see the following outputDescriptive Statistics N saldiff Valid N listwise 474 474 Mean 17403.48 Std. Deviation 10814.61996The mean of the difference between the current salaries and the beginning salaries is 17403.48 with a standard deviation of 10814.61996. 4. Step Display the current salaries in a histogram. Describe the nature of the distribution. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. From the menu select Graphs Histogram. Select Current Salary salary and move it into the Variable box. Click Titles For the Title group in Line 1 box enter Histogram of Current Salaries. Click Continue. Click OK. You should see the following output3.4From the histogram we can observe that the distribution of current salaries is positively skewed. To be sure let us ask SPSS to draw the normal curve. 7. 8. 9. From the menu select Graphs Histogram. Make sure that Current Salary salary is in the Variable box. Select Display normal curve. Click OK. You should see the following outputFrom the normal curve we can confirm again that the distribution of current salaries is positively skewed. 5. Step Display the current salaries in a histogram for males and females separately. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. From the menu select Graphs Histogram. Select Current Salary salary and move it into the Variable box. Select Display normal curve. Now select Gender gender and move it into the Rows box. Click OK.3.5From the two histograms we can observe that the distribution of current salaries for both male and female employees are positively skewed. However the current salary of male employees has a larger spread or dispersion and a larger mean observe the position of the peak of the normal curve. Note This question can also be solved by using Select Cases to select male employees before generating a histogram. The histogram of current salaries for female can be obtained by using Select Cases again before generating the histogram. In Step 4 students are encouraged to see the difference between using Rows and Columns by moving the Gender gender into the Columns box.3.6ASSIGNMENT 3 Functions Descriptives Compute Histogram Use the employee.sav data set to answer the following questions. 1. How many female employees have a previous experience of less than 240 months Hint use Select cases then Frequency. Find the maximum minimum mean standard deviation and coefficient of skewness of the current salaries. Hint use Descriptives. Maximum Minimum Mean Standard deviation Coefficient of skewness 3. __________ __________ __________ __________ __________2.Find the mean and standard deviation of current salaries for females and males separately. Hint use Select Cases and Descriptives.Mean Standard DeviationFemales Males4.Find the mean and standard deviation of the difference between current salaries and beginning salaries for female employees. Hint use Select Cases Compute and Descriptives. Mean Standard deviation __________ __________5.Display the previous experience in a histogram for males and females separately. Describe the nature of the distributions. Hint use Histogram comment on the skewness of the distribution.3.7
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MAT0214 (SPSS) Announcement
Lesson 03 - Descriptives, Compute, Histogram
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